Laser Intruder Alarm System

LASER found SECURITY alarum SYSTEM This Document contains Project Report of tumble 2012 of Course CT-111. PROJECT REPORT LASER BASED SECURITY alert ? An Alarm is a type of warrantor equipment that can be employ to safeguard ho phthisiss and property. ? Now a days Burglar Crimes are continu every(prenominal)y rising with each passing day. ? Many take for lost homes and families with violent burglaries in many countries ? Some of them lost most uncommon things such as Jewelry, Vehicles, huge investments in banks etc.. ? This led to the development of ALARM SYSTEM Basic traffic circle Alarm larboard ? We use LDR to come upon optical maser Light. LDR declivity was Fed to Op-Amp foreplay leg. ? Clock pulse to 4017 was interpreted from Op-Amp output pin. Light hooked Resistor (LDR) ? LDRs or Light Dependent Resistors are very useful especially in light/ black sensor moves. Normally the oppositeness of an LDR is very steep, some clock as high as 1000 000 ohms, provided w hen they are illuminated with light metro drops dramatically. ? Which acts as an sensor for our duty tour. Op-Amp-741 ? The OP AMP is a Linear Amplifier ? Its main tendency is to amplify (increase) a weak signal ? The OP-AMP has devil introduces, INVERTING -2nd pin and NONINVERTING tertiary pin, and star output at pin 6 1.An inverting amplifier ? Leg two is the foreplay and the output is always reversed. In an inverting amplifier the voltage enters the 741 chip by leg two and comes out of the 741 chip at leg six. If the foretoken is incontrovertible going into the chip, it becomes negative by the m it comes out finished leg six. The polarity has been inverted. 2. A non-inverting amplifier ? Leg three is the input and the output is not reversed. In a non-inverting amplifier the voltage enters the 741 chip dvirtuoso leg three and leaves the 741 chip through leg six. This time if it is positive going into the 741 then it is still positive coming out.Polarity remains the same. How it helps ? ? When the luminance on LDR stops its resistance increases so the leg 2 of Op-Amp sires lilliputian voltage. ? Then it acts as non-Inverting amplifier. ? It gives high voltage to transistor which ultimately passes locate of flow to bell and the toll buzzes. 4017-time turn backer ? The 4017 decade counter has ten outputs which go eminent in sequence when a source of pulses is connected to the CLOCK input and when suitable logic levels are applied to the RESET and ENABLE inputs. ? Internally, the 4017 contains quin bi-stable subunits. These are interconnected in a pattern cognise as a Johnson counter.The outputs of the bi-stables are de cipherd to give the ten individual outputs. Operating voltages and currents of 4017 timer ? Minimum-6v ? Maximum-15v ? Max current-15mA ? Max speed of operation-5MHz Pin Configuration Output wave blueprints of 4017 Timer sensor Interface.. ? What if some Authentic Person want to enter into translate some Bank-Locker brass in some Banks. ? Here we will interpret a unique Identification card. ? We utilize a sensor to realise and electronic prototyped platform to switch off the Alarm system. Basic spell for Slot Sensor Slot Sensor Working Principle It contains an infrared light Light Emitting Diode and an photo transistor. ? When power is supplied to the IR- lead it emits IR rays towards the photo transistor. ? at that place is a finite voltage drop across resistor. ? In the absence seizure of light, output carrier has high voltage. What is arduino? ? It is an open-sourced free electronic prototyping platform. ? In our roll we utilize the arduino uno microcontroller. ? Uno has five analog inputs. ? Six pwm signal outputs. ? In our flip Uno facilitates the use of the one-armed bandit sensors. Code ? The code consists of two sections, both authori sit downion o o ? ? ? 1. setup() 2. loop() etup() is utilize to set the various ports of the uno as i/o. loop()- this farewell of the code is run indefinetly. avoid setup() pinMode(8,OUTPUT) pinMode(A0,INPUT) pinMode(A1,INPUT) pinMode(A2,INPUT) pinMode(A3,INPUT) Serial. begin(9600) // sets pin 8 as OUTPUT port. // sets A0-5 // . // as INPUTS. They take in analog inputs // from the slot sensors and OpAmp out. /* a intercourse link between Uno and computer is set at 9600 baud. */ void loop() int a0=analogRead(A0) int a1=analogRead(A1) int a2=analogRead(A2) // four variables a0-a3 are integer variables // these take in analog input values from the // corresponding ports. nt a3=analogRead(A3) // the input voltage what ever voltage is represent as a 0-1024 bit value. if( (a0>300 &038&038 a1>300 &038&038 a2>300 )) If(a3>500) tone(8,1000) buzzer at 8 /* a pwm signal with duty-cycle 50% is sent to a port with a time period of 1sec. */ delay(100) noTone(8) vector &038 pass catcher Interface ? Say in some apartments or malls if we use laser disquietude system, if there is any robbery the alarm clock should beep at the warranter guard/control room. ? We will transmit the message to all aegis systems in the mall/apartment So that we can alert them. We utilize RF- vector and Receiver to transmit the message. ? We utilize Encoding and Decoding Schemes for protected transmission. ? For that we used HT12E(Encoder), HT12D(Decoder). ? For Demonstration purpose we are utilize guides to shew the received message. sender &038 Receiver ? RF module comprises of an RF Transmitter and an RF Receiver. The transmitter/ pass catcher (Tx/Rx) pair operates at a oftenness of 434 MHz. ? In this RF system, the digital selective information is represented as variations in the amplitude of carrier wave. This kind of modulation is slamn as amplitude Shift Keying (ASK). An RF transmitter receives serial entropy and transmits it wirelessly through RF through its antenna connected at pin4. ? The transmission occurs at the rate of 1Kbps 10Kbps. The transmitted data is received by an RF receiver in op eration(p) at the same frequency as that of the transmitter. Overall view of Transmitter and Receiver TWS-434 Transmitter ? TWS-434 The transmitter output is up to 8mW at 433. 92MHz with a range of approximately 400 foot (open area) outdoors. Indoors, the range is approximately two hundred foot ? The TWS-434 transmitter accepts digital inputs, can operate from 1. 5 to 12 Volts-DC Encoder-HT12E This 18 pin IC consists of 8 address pins and 4 data pins with a transmission enable(TE) and oscillator pins ? Transmission takes place from DOUT pin only when TE pin is grounded. ? Address bits are significant because at the receiver the decipherer matches the address bits and latch the output only when address bits are matched. Transmitter Circuit The message is present at the Data pins in the form of logic state (1 or 0). Whenever a data pin is grounded along with TE, a 12 bit message signal is generated with its foremost 8 bits representing the address state and last 4 bits containing the data. The 0 state is encoded as a pulse higher duration and 1 state is encoded as pulse with shorter duration RWS-434 Receiver RWS-434 The receiver excessively operates at 433. 92MHz, and has a sensitivity of 3uV. The RWS-434 receiver operates from 4. 5 to 5. 5 voltsDC, and has both linear and digital outputs. Decoder-HT12D ? The decoder receives serial address and data from a RF receiver which catches data through antenna. ? It compares the serial input data 3 times continuously with its local address. If no error or matched codes are bring then the input data codes are decoded and then transferred to the output pin. The VT pin alike goes high to indicate a Valid Transmission (VT). bonding ? ? We used chip sockets for Soldering purpose, So that we can prevent chips hot out magic spell solder. We used female strip for soldering in order to prevent RF-Transmitter and Receiver from burning offs. Individual Contri thations Nagendra Chowdary onwards deciding on this regard of LASER based intruder detective clip and security system, we had ideas round two or three new(prenominal) externalises. We sat down in group and took up this invent because we could divide work to each and every member in this project.I came up with the idea of using RF Transmitter and receiver so that in case of intruder detection, we can alarm the security person at some other place. I similarly exhausted considerable time on way outing closely the Slot Sensors which we obtain used to bindingate the de and of an received person. Apart from this, soldering was not an easy line of work for us as we were doing it for the first time. We make mistakes during soldering and had to de-soldering the circuit many times. Due to this, we all had to contri thate to soldering part in turns.Circuit join was the most all important(predicate) aspect of our project. Earlier we had taken up a circuit from Electronics For You magazine. We pass almost two days on collection tha t circuit but it didnt work. After that we intractable to change the circuit and instead of using LASER detecting diode, we used photo resistors. We tried to gravel the circuit simpler, so I studied all the components of the circuit and tried to terminate some of them to see if the circuit was still functioning. Apart from this, I compiled the data given by my group members to make the final presentation.Abhinav Tripathi Id 201101001. We had decide to make a LASER based intruder detection alarm but I thought that it will be better to make it into a security system to validate the first appearance of authentic people. For this purpose I thought of fashioning a card swapping system using LED and photoresistors so that when a person comes with a valid card the buzzer should not beep. Later, we searched internet and I decided to use slot sensors for this purpose. either the group members, suggested ways of integrating the buzzer and the sensor interface to run across desired fun ctionality.Soldering seemed to be tough projection for us. I started with the soldering and was by and by on joined by other group members too. I also do contribution in debugging the circuit several times when it didnt work. alto findher of us studied about the various components of the circuit. I did focused cultivation of the Timer- 4017 and the encoder used in RF transmitter. Apart from this, I also employ time to understand the functioning of the slot sensors and finding equivalent resistance for slot sensor circuit, implemented it in our circuit. Srinivas SriVasthav Bontula Id-201101025.After we decided on the topic that is laser Based Intruder Alarm. I came up the Circuit . Our first attempt was a failure. In our first attempt we used emf Regulator IC-7805 , Phototransistor L14F1, Opamp IC-LM356, Timer IC-555, Transistor BC548. Then we searched for various others circuits, finally while watching some videos on optical maser Alarms We found out a circuit . In our sec ond attempt we connected this circuit and it worked. The components we used in this circuit are Counter 4017, instead of Phototransistor in the preceding circuits we used a LDR( light dependantResistor) , Opamp IC-741. After we finished the basic Laser Circuit we came up with this idea of using an RF Transmitter and Reciever , so that we detect the alarm at the place we want. I also spent some time in contenting and understanding the circuit. I did my part in connecting the circuit. We assigned tasks to every member of our group regarding the functional principles of Laser Circuit, Transmitter , Reciever , Slot Sensor. My task was to study and understand the working of Laser Alarm circuit. depression we connected everything on the Breadboard and checked whether the circuit worked.And then finally we soldered the RF transmitter and Reciever on the PCB. I also helped in soldering the circuit. Even after we finished everything our circuit didnt function properly twice or thrice a t that time I helped in debugging the circuit. Karan J. Dave ID 201101019 I was very excited to do project after we decided the project of Laser Based Security Alarm. First of all I tried to find some circuits of such project in Google and YouTube. We found some 2-3 circuits from different source but in 2 of them we chased many problems regarding to buzz on and off alarm. in conclusion we got one circuit from YouTube.I studied about chips which are used in that circuit. I studied about LDR, OP-AMP and 4017 TIMER. I got the chance to issue about inverting and non-inverting OP-AMP. I studied about 4017 TIMER from its datasheet got from the internet and I had known about that from my friends also. I studied about HT12E (Encoder) which was used in RF-Transmitter and HT12D (Decoder) used in RF-Receiver. I did soldering of some of the circuits. I did circuit assembling and debugging with my friends. I did also resource-management work for our project. I really enjoyed the whole project by doing this all things.Thanks to you sir for giving us this wonderful opportunity. From our project we have learnt team-work, time-management and we could feel that now we are the engineers. T Pavan Nagaraju Id 201101024 Initially I helped in connecting a Alarm Based circuit Interface which consists of electric potential Regulator IC-7805 , Phototransistor L14F1, Opamp IC-LM356, Timer IC-555, Transistor BC548. But we are unable to get The Desired Output from It then We Switched to a circuit that does the work of alarm and many of our group span were not able to understand the working of IC 4017 Timer.Which works using Jonson Counter I understood the plan and working principle of the Jonson Counter Which is basically made of 5 bi-stable (D-Flip flops) I understood that which a Logic from this 10 states of the Jonson Counter the output pins get hot coded high output. And get to know how this reset button be useful and Implemented in this IC 4017 . As This IC 4017 is made of n-MO S I applied my Digital Logic Knowledge and come to know that there will be some Dynamic Hazards. I had soldered the Receiver part in the RF Receiver And understood why encryption is necessary In any signal transmission .So we can have Bit recovery and Safe Signal transmission. I worked in circuit assembling and debugging circuits. I did the accompaniment part for the presentation regarding 4017-Timer and Receiver part. Archit Bakliwal ID 201101005. When we started our project, our find concern was to make a security alarm. But as we come up further, we also used the idea of slot sensing which is mainly used for the entry of authentic person in banks, buildings etc. But later on, all of sudden, I thought that there is no part of communication in out project. Then everyone realized that we have to do something to a greater extent than just do an alarm.So, Then, I, along with one of my friend, came up with the idea of making receiver and transmission interface in our project. Sold ering is referred as study part of making a circuit. Initially, it seemed to be difficult task because chips were more likely to burn but as I had a little experience with it, so it didnt remain a tough task for us. I have also played keen role in assembling the circuit which was not an easy task. I have also contributed in making the circuit and have done detailed study on functionality of various components of the circuit.Specially regarding Timer4017,LM71 Opamp, HT12e Encoder, HT12d Decoder, RWS 434 receiver, TWS 434 transmitter etc. This detailed study helped me to know about the components and analyzing the circuit for resource management and documentation. DHARMIK THAKKAR Id 201101006 Our Project was LASER BASED INTRUDER DETECTION ALARM which could be used for security system in building apartments, banks, malls, etc. The project was extended to validate the entry of some authentic person such that a person with valid card enters the buzzer shouldnt buzz. For this purpose slo t sensors were used to keep a check upon valid entry.The project further used RF Transmitter and Receiver interface so that if some unauthentic entry takes place security system is alerted which was accomplished by glowing LEDs at Receiver interface. My role for the project was study of chips which include analysing availability and functionalities of LDR, TWS TRANSMITTER 434, RWS RECEIVER 434 and DECODER HT12D. I helped my team mates in Soldering purpose as it seemed to be tough task for us. Soldering purpose was successfully accomplished without burning chips by the use of chip sockets and female strips. I collected information regarding various phases i. . Alarm, Sensor and RF Transmitter and Receiver interfaces of our project and analysed the circuit for Resource watchfulness and Documentation that could be used for Slide Preparation. I also helped in Circuit Assembling. Prasoon Id 201101036 After lots of ideas our group stick to the topic that is Laser Based Intruder Detector Alarm in which we created a frame which contained a main circuit that produced voltage when light didnt unhorse on the LDR. The circuit contained many component that need to be study so I helped in understanding the function of opamp LM 741.The poppycock for our project was hard to find sometime so I was the one of the prime candidate for fetching these material. Our circuit also contained audrino board, Slot sensor(for security system) and RF transmitter and receiver these circuits were also hard to make but our group combined to make it look easy. I helped in assembling these circuit many times. Soldering also was a main part of our project which was a difficult task, I helped in many part of the task also we needed to remove mistake from the circuit and documentation which was also a combined effort, In presentation every one had there slides to make.At the last its a combined effort by our group. Ankit Chaparwal ID 201101017. For the project everybody came up with new innova tive ideas, at last we decided to make a laser based intruder detection alarm, but in group discussion we decided to make it in a security system to validate entry of an authentic person. For this purpose we used slot sensors. In the project I helped the Group members in soldering . Other then that I had assembled the receivers circuit with one of the Group members and also prepared Slide for presentation on LDR .Studied on LDR and thought about how it can be used as a sensor in our circuit. Anuroop Kuppam My involvement in the project , coding the Arduino micro-controller. In our project Arduino provides an interface between the slot sensors and the alarm system. So the micro-controller needs to be coded. The micro-controller takes the input from the slot sensors and then decides whether to enable the alarm system or not. thusly the operating voltages margins of the micro-controller needs to be determined manually.After this was done we used these margins in making the micro-contro ller work accordingly. Having seen a lot of coding samples on the internet , I came up with a code which serves the purpose of the project . The code then was debugged in certain places and further processed and fine tuned to foregather perfectly and decrease various delays that we have encountered in the course of making the alarm system. I also soldered the various components of the RF receiver and the slot sensor onto the perforated circuit board and debugged the circuit to make it work.